Paul writes to Philemon and the church in his house, thanking God for Philemon’s love and faith. He appeals–not commands–for Onesimus, Philemon’s bondservant who “was parted” from him and became a believer through Paul in prison. Once “useless,” now “useful,” Onesimus had helped Paul; yet Paul sends him back so Philemon’s kindness will be voluntary. “Perhaps” God allowed the separation so Philemon might receive him “no longer as a slave but… a beloved brother.” If Onesimus owes anything, Paul will repay.
The gospel turns status and duty into family and love. Paul leads by appeal, not coercion. Philemon must receive Onesimus as a brother in Christ; Onesimus trusts Christ by returning. Paul’s “charge it to my account” anticipates gospel mediation, and addressing the church invites communal reconciliation.
17: So if you consider me your partner, receive him as you would receive me.
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